A cohort of persons with trigeminal neuralgia was followed to evaluate overall mortality and death due to specific causes. The relative survival ratio indicated that trigeminal neuralgia patients may survive longer than the general population. This finding was present in both sexes, although more marked for females. The deficiency in the observed number of deaths could not be ascribed to any specific cause of death. While it is unlikely that trigeminal neuralgia protects against death, it is possible that risk factors for trigeminal neuralgia are associated with long life.